On the afternoon of April 29, 2020, the conference of the global port development report (2019) (hereinafter referred to as the report) and the Port Development Symposium of the expert forum series activities of the Shanghai International Shipping Research Center (Sisi) were held in the form of online live video conference for the first time.
Zhenhong, the Secretary General of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center and professor of Shanghai Maritime University, led the report preparation team, and Zhao Nan, Assistant Secretary General of Sisi and director of Port Development Institute, presided over the meeting and issued the report.
When interpreting the report, xiewenqing, assistant director of Sisi Port Development Research Institute, analyzed the global port development environment, production status, development status of global terminal operators, terminal investment and construction, the impact of Indian shipping policies on port development, port supply chain and cross-border e-commerce cooperation mode, anti risk ability and investment of global terminal operators, and the development trend of global cruise ports in 2019, The content of the report is analyzed in detail.
When talking about the development trend of global ports in 2020, Xie Wenqing believed that due to the global pandemic of COVID-19 and the surge in shipping costs under low sulfur oil, the growth rate of global economy and trade would fall sharply in 2020, and the growth rate of global port throughput might fall. Specifically, Asian ports may face negative growth, American and European ports continue to decline, and the growth rate of Australian ports stagnates.
At the same time, the port investment market is in a short-term downturn, which is reflected in the following aspects: the construction of Asian ports is relatively stable, the new round of construction of East American ports will be shelved, the pace of port construction in China will gradually slow down, and the demand for automated terminal construction may increase.
In terms of global terminal operators, the report believes that the tide of integration will reappear, mainly because terminal operators sell assets to promote integration. Judging from the capacity changes and operations of COSCO Shipping Port, China Merchants port, Dubai global port group, Maersk terminal, Singapore International Port Group, Hutchison Port and other important terminal operators in the world, the growth rate of global terminal operators is generally good.
When predicting the development trend of the port supply chain, Xie Wenqing said that in the future, more attention will be paid to the comprehensive customized services of customers. For customers, the greatest benefit brought by the integration of related services is the "seamless" logistics experience.
For service providers, the wider the coverage of services, the higher the service fee they can earn. Moreover, the extension of supply chain services to the upstream and downstream also means more customized service solutions and a wider customer base.
At the same time, the port supply chain also shows a trend of online development. This not only provides convenience for collaborative development, but also puts forward higher requirements for the response speed of the logistics supply chain itself.
How can the port supply chain develop in synergy with cross-border e-commerce?
Xie Wenqing concluded that the essence of the coordinated development of port logistics supply chain and cross-border e-commerce is the deep integration of the port industry into the global logistics supply chain market.
Specifically, facing the inevitable trends of decentralization, order fragmentation, supply chain flattening and so on, the port supply chain must seize the opportunity of the era of "interconnection of all things". In the future, cross-border trade can provide "end-to-end" logistics integration services through the third-party cross-border e-commerce platform.
Taking advantage of the agglomeration effect of e-commerce platforms, port supply chain service providers need to extend insurance, banking and other service providers to develop a cross-border supply chain ecosystem based on the combination of ports, shipping companies, wharfs, freight forwarders, warehousing, customs declaration, and fleet. At the meeting, Professor Zhenhong also exchanged and shared with online guests on hot topics.
First, the development of port enterprises shows a networked layout trend of sea and land. Global terminal operators strengthen the control of the sea port network and the layout of inland dry ports, extending the port service function to the inland.
The second is to create a "process to process" connection, build a logistics supply chain with ports as the core, and provide a "flexible service" port with stronger response to changes in market demand.
Third, enhance the coordinated development of port and city. For example, at present, the port area has become an important support for port development, which can create a development model of "port area + Logistics Park + Port Industrial Park".
Fourth, the sustainable development mode of ports can be developed in the direction of "resource-saving + environment-friendly".
Fifth, a smart port with full coverage of information and data collection capabilities and advanced digital technology application capabilities will be the only way for port development in the future.
It is understood that this series of "reports" has won the second prize for scientific and technological progress of the China Port Association. In the "2019 global shipping report" recently released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and development, relevant data from the "2018 global port development report" are also cited.